BIOCENOTIC HETEROGENEITY IN ANTHROPOZOONOSIS FOR EGGS - ECOTECHNOLOGICAL CHAINS OF DETRITY TYPE FOR THE LIMITING OF LINEARITY OF TECHNOLOGIES

Experiments have been conducted that looked into the transformed ecotope in eggs that have undergone anthropozoonosis, in which there was introduced, a group of age matched, biomass and health ascribed status of birds of species of Gallus gallus category laying hens, breed ISA-Brough (ISA-Brown) at 18 weeks of age, 5 lines aligned for age, and grown for 300 days.Involved are 3 models of detritus trophic chain, which are trophotechnological, and also are representative of reproducing technologies for the processing of manure on the basis of the degradation of organic substances used in practice: biotechnological chain for anaerobic degradation of fertilizer (AR); biotechnology for controlled aerobic degradation (composting) (K), and detrital technological chain for extensive aerobic degradation, replicating good farming practices (DFP), which include the creation of conditions for uncontrolled aeration for duration of 180 days.Aerobic technologies use open technology systems with free (DFP) or regulated (K) atmospheric air flow. Providing aerobic conditions is related to the release of some of the biogenic elements in the manure as gaseous products that pollute the atmosphere. The nitrogen is partially released in the form of ammonia (under the simulated/modeled conditions, the amount of ammonia reaches 20 ppm). For this reason, there is a redistribution compared to the outputted raw material: the content of nitrogen in the standing fertilizer (DFP) is 74.6%, in the compost - 94%, in AR the amount is 135%. The dynamics of the other investigated macronutrients listed in Table 1 are analogous to this. Redistribution of toxic elements is also established (Table 2). Regardless of the differences in their dynamics, in all three technologies of processing, the content of toxic elements is regulated as acceptable levels for application and use in soil, with the exception of zinc, which has a low toxicity. A modified mathematical model is proposed to optimize the technological parameters of AR. Organic fertilizer with a dry matter content of 48.16% is introduced at the entrance to the system with AR. In order to obtain optimal concentration (7-8%) for maximum ecological efficiency (criteria R – which is the maximum degree of degradation of organic matter in the fertilizer), a sevenfold dilution of the substrate is required. A sevenfold increase in product (biosludge) with a relatively low dry matter content of 4.08% is obtained.