Латыши в Полоцком округе БССР

The article is devoted to the analysis of the situation of Latvianpopulation in Polack region of the BSSR in 1924–1930 and 1935–1938. Theauthor considers the main Latvian colonies on the territory of the region andshows the changes in the life of Latvian peasants in connection with thetransformations in the economic and cultural spheres. Particular attentionwere paid to the activities of the Latvian Bureau under the Polack regionCommittee of the CP(b)B, which implemented the national policy of the Bolsheviks and collected a large layer of information about the life of Latvians inthe 1920s. Finally, the author analyzes the social transformations of the 1930swhich changed the structure of the Latvian population as well as the tragicfate of Latvians during the years of the Great Terror