Open AccessTHE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL-PLANNING STRUCTURE OF GENERAL EDUCATION SCHOOLS IN BELGOROD REGION (1904–2020)
Author(s) -
I. Chechel
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
vestnik bgtu im. v.g. šuhova
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2071-7318
DOI - 10.34031/2071-7318-2020-5-7-49-65
Subject(s) - mathematics education , regional science , generalization , literacy , economic growth , political science , sociology , pedagogy , economics , mathematics , mathematical analysis
This article presents the results of a systematic study of the formation and development of the functional- planning structure of buildings of general education schools in the Belgorod region. The study is carried out in historical retrospect (1904-2020). Three main stages of the formation of the school buildings structure and its periods are identified. For each of the stages, a description of the typological features of school buildings is given, the functional planning structure and its evolution are considered. The research methodology and methods are based on the principles of a systematic approach and a comprehensive historical, genetic and structural analysis. The research uses methods of generalization and comparative analysis of materials. The data obtained is processed by statistical and graphical analysis methods. The research has shown that at the first stage (Russian Empire, 1904–1917), the system of secondary education is just beginning to take shape. High schools are being built in cities, and parochial and rural schools are being built in rural areas. At the second stage (USSR, 1917–1991), with the transition of the country to the principles of universal literacy, through the system of public education, there is a rapid development of the type of public building of a general educational organization. This period is characterized by the mass construction of schools, which were the first public buildings to be built according to standard projects. Standard design was a forced measure necessary to solve problems related to the development of the public education system. At the third stage (Russian Federation, 1991-2020), there was a transition from standard to individual design of school buildings. However, although the projects were declared as individual, they were mostly based on the solutions of standard projects of the Soviet era, and became their improved copies. The study, based on examples of modern implemented projects, identifies the main directions of development of the functional-planning structure of buildings of general education schools in the Belgorod region in modern conditions with their transformation into multifunctional educational buildings-complexes.