Open AccessInfluence of nitrogen fertilizers and organic mineral preparations on the yield and grain quality of winter durum wheat
Author(s) -
D.S. Izmailova,
A. M. Izotov
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
tavričeskij vestnik agrarnoj nauki
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2542-0720
DOI - 10.33952/2542-0720-2021-1-25-113-123
Subject(s) - chernozem , agronomy , humus , grain quality , calcareous , nitrogen , yield (engineering) , sorghum , soil water , environmental science , biology , chemistry , botany , materials science , organic chemistry , soil science , metallurgy
Triticum durum – is one of the most important food crops in the world that plays a fundamental role in combating hunger and improving global food security. Our research aimed to determine the influence of nitrogen fertilizers and preparations “Flora-S” and “Fitop-Flora-S” on the yield and grain quality of winter durum wheat. The studies and field trials were carried out on the experimental field of the Agrotechnology Academy (Academic Unit) of V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University located in the low foothill zone of the Crimea (city of Simferopol). Soil – chernozem southern mycelial-calcareous low-humus developed on quaternary yellow-brown loess-like light clays. Field experiments were conducted in 2016–2018 according to B.A. Dospekhov methods of field research. The experimental design included the following options: Factor A – doses of nitrogen: N0+0 (control variant), N20+20, N40+40, N60+60; Factor B – foliar dressing of plants with preparations “Flora-S” and “Fitop-Flora-S” according to the manufacturer’s recommendations; Factor C: weather conditions of the year. The analysis of the sheaf material was carried out according to the methods of state variety testing of agricultural crops. Grain vitreousness was determined according to GOST (State Standard of the Russian Federation) 10987–76, protein content – GOST 10846-91, durum winter wheat grain class – GOST 9353-2016. The analysis of the experimental data shows that nitrogen fertilizers had a significant effect on the yield and grain quality of winter durum wheat variety ‘Amazonka’. Variant N60+60 was the most effective one; yield response to nitrogen fertilizer was expressed in the next quality parameters: yield – 4.65 t/ha (189.4 % more compared to control), protein content – 15.7 %, vitreousness – 85.1 %. The share of the influence of Factor B on such parameters as yield, protein content and vitreousness was 0.5, 1.8 and 0.8 %. The share of the influence of factor C on the same parameters was 6.9, 19.3 and 3.9 %. In the course of the research, we concluded that the most effective options of organic mineral preparations application were: “Flora-S” at the tillering stage of development + “Fitop-Flora-S” at the stage of head emergence; “Flora-S” at the tillering stage of development + “Fitop-Flora-S” at the stage of head emergence + “Flora-S” at the stage of milk development. These preparations contributed to yield improvement by 0.19 and 0.24 t/ha, respectively.