Dimensionality Reduction Methods Used in Machine Learning

In most cases, a dataset obtained through observation, measurement, etc. cannot be directly used for the training of a machine learning based system due to the unavoidable existence of missing data, inconsistencies and high dimensional feature space. Additionally, the individual features can contain quite different data types and ranges. For this reason, a data preprocessing step is nearly always necessary before the data can be used. This paper gives a short review of the typical methods applicable in the preprocessing and dimensionality reduction of raw data.