English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a highly endemic area of alveolar echinococcosis where a series of intermediate hosts, especially voles and pikas, are infected with  Echinococcus multilocularis . The metacestodes of  E. multilocularis  are fluid-filled, asexually proliferating cysts, and they are mainly found in the host's liver in the form of tumor-like growths. In this study, we investigated the genetic variations of  E. multilocularis  in four mitochondrial (mt) genes, namely, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 ( nad 5), adenosine triphosphate subunit 6 ( atp 6), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 ( cox 1), and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 ( nad 1). The complete  nad 5,  atp 6,  cox 1, and  nad 1 genes were amplified separately from each hydatid cyst isolate using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and then sequenced. Phylogenetic trees were then generated based on the combined mt genes using MrBayes 3.1.2 and PAUP version 4.0b10. The results showed that thirty of 102 voles and two of 49 pikas were infected with  E. multilocularis . The genetic variation distances among all  E. multilocularis  samples were 0.1–0.4%, 0.2–0.4%, 0.1–0.6%, and 0.1–0.4% for  nad 5,  atp 6,  nad 1, and  cox 1, respectively. Compared to previous studies of the genetic diversity of  E. multilocularis  based on the  cox 1 gene, the genetic distances within the same group were 1.3–1.7% (Mongolia strain), 0.6–0.8% (North American strain), 0.3–0.6% (European strain), and 0.1–0.4% (Asian strain). Based on concatenated sequences of the  nad 5,  atp 6,  cox 1, and  nad 1 genes all haplotypes were divided into two clusters. In conclusion, the genetic diversity of  E. multilocularis  based on mt genes on a small local area is at low level but between different regions with long distance and different ecological environment each other, the genetic diversity is at relatively high level; genetic variation is higher in the  nad 1 gene than that in the other three mt genes. The results on a local scale provide basic information for further study of the molecular epidemiology, genetic differences and control of  E. multilocularis  in Qinghai Province, China.

Genetic Diversity in Echinococcus multilocularis From the Plateau Vole and Plateau Pika in Jiuzhi County, Qinghai Province, China