Genomic Insights into the Biology of Digenetic Fluke, Explanatum explanatum Infecting Domestic Water Buffalo, Bubalus bubalis from India: New Targets for Drug Designing

Explanatum explanatum is a digenetic trematode mostly found parasitizing bile duct and the gall bladderof domestic buffaloes in India .The parasite fabricates productivity loss and occasionally turns out as severe clinicaldisease leading to granulomatous nodules in the bile duct mucosa, glandular hyperplasia and thickening of theblood vessels. Ribosomes are macromolecular machinery for cell protein synthesis in all organisms. The presentstudy deals with the identification of different DNA motif in 5.8S rDNA to block the activity of ribosometranslocation, thereby hindering the process of protein synthesis within the parasite and thus serving as a novel toolfor controlling its growth. Moreover, this segment of gene remains evolutionary conserved thus, enhancing the rateof success in designing potent drug molecules for these identified motifs in the genome of E. explanatum. This is firstreport of the identification of position of DNA motifs in 5.8S rDNA of E. explanatum from India and an attempt toprovide new insights for further designing of new potent drugs for its efficient treatment as the parasite hasdeveloped tolerance power for already available drugs and the significant loss caused by it to the livestock andeconomy. Our study will form the foundation for future in-depth analysis of the parasite biology and development,immune evasion strategies, virulence and long-term survival within the definitive host. Our findings aim to providea better understanding of the parasite genome, the search for new drug design research and thus, can prove as avital tool for improving animal health that would ultimately succor to meet the ever increasing demand for food.