Influence of basic cultivation and fertilization on corn yield on irrigated soils of the Forest Steppe

The study was conducted during the 2013–2015 yy on drained peatlands of Panfylska research station NSC «Institute of Agriculture NAAS» (floodplain Supy, Yahotyn district, Kyiv region). Scheme experiment had three main methods of tillage: zero tillage (Roundup — 5 kg/ha), 10–12 cm disking, plowing at 25–27 cm; tillage imposed on this scheme fertilizer, without fertilizer (control), humisol, reacom, K90, R45K120, N45P45K120, N45P45K120 + Reacom. On plant growth and development was the main influence of tillage. The worst development of plants was observed under the zero tillage which averaged 226 cm, disking the soil 10–12 cm in corn helped improve growth corn and ensured increasing altitude plants relative to the zero tillage 6%, and the plowing of plant height average was 11% higher compared with zero cultivation. The most effective basic soil carbonate oldplowed peat under maize silage was plowed to a depth of 25–27 cm, which provides productivity gains for the complete mineral fertilizer disking against 2.7 t/ha as against zero cultivation — 10.6 t/ha silage. The greatest influence on the formation of silage corn was made by a complete fertilizer (N45P45K120) combined with reacom independently of the main cultivation, making only humisol reactions or increase yields provided for plowing by 6.8–8.9 t/ha; disking — 3.9–2.3 zero tillage — 1.3–6.2 t/ha silage. In this regard, to obtain high and stable yields of corn silage on peat soils one should examine and identify the impact of basic soil and fertilizers in peat soils of Forest-steppe.