Creating triticale varieties (Triticosecale Wittmack el. Camus) by remote hybridization

The results of research in the department of grain breeding and seed production in 2015–2017 are presented in the territory of the grain-ploughed crop rotation of the State Enterprise of the experimental farm «Chabany» of the NSC «Institute of Agriculture NAAN» located in the Fastiv district of Kiev region. Individual selection of genotypes from hybrid material derived from intraspecies and remote crossings conducted under a special program, with specified parameters of yield and quality of grain, resistance to adverse biotic and abiotic factors of the environment, resistance to the most common diseases in the zone. It was revealed that using the traditional method of interbreeding, between intraspecies Triticale/Triticale and S. cereale/S. cereale can get a high percentage of ovary seeds 45.1–55.4% and 30.6% respectively. Between the distant species T. aestivum/S. cereale found a low percentage of ovary seeds 5.8–6.7%, in addition, the plants that formed had 80% sterile ear, the remaining 20% was observed open flowering. For interspecies and inter-generic rapprochements obtaining a new form that in the future sustainably holds and improves its features has been developed a way of creating the source material for the selection of triticale by using dental NITI-Files to remove tissues of one original form and introduction to another, which without losing their independence are in a state of symbiosis. During interspecies and interancestral rapprochements a new form is obtained, which in the future steadily holds and improves its signs. The original material, which is obtained after fertilization, is 100% vaccinated by the plant «insemination». Remote interbreeding according to the method developed by us has ensured the creation of a new diverse source material for the breeding of winter triticale for the zone of Polissia and the northern Lisostep of Ukraine, which is characterized by a high seed largeness and an increased gluten content in the grain. The resulting material is studied and used in hybridization.