Open AccessThe Ethnic Dilemma in Balochistan with More Focusing Upon Intra-Provincial Conflicts under CPEC Scenario
Author(s) -
Muhammad Akram Zaheer,
Muhammad Asim
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of south asian studies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2308-7846
pISSN - 2307-4000
DOI - 10.33687/jsas.009.01.3619
Subject(s) - ethnic group , dilemma , nationalism , political science , china , state (computer science) , insurgency , ethnic conflict , government (linguistics) , nexus (standard) , political economy , development economics , partition (number theory) , politics , geography , sociology , law , economics , philosophy , linguistics , mathematics , epistemology , algorithm , combinatorics , computer science , embedded system
Balochistan exists in a state of conflict since the partition but, initially, the nature of the conflict was based upon the future of princely states that led to the insurgency against the federation of Pakistan in 1948, 1958, and 1963. After the emergence of Balochistan as a full province, the nature of conflict shifted towards Baloch ethnic nationalism that directed insurgencies during 1973 and 2004. The government of Pakistan claims that all the waves of insurgencies have huge foreign funding by rival states. While the concerns of major powers on re-constructing Kasghar-Gwadar Road plan 2004 (renamed as China-Pakistan Economic Corridor [CPEC] in 2013) triggered Baloch ethnic nationalism and already existed intra-provincial conflicts once again that led Pashtun-Brahui, Brahui-Baloch, and Baloch-Pashtun differences. However, a detailed briefing by Chinese Ambassador Zhao Lijian has undermined all the concerns of ethnic communities in entire Pakistan including Balochistan. However, there are still some voices for insecurity and predicted economic deprivation in the province. This study tries to describe the history of ethnic dilemma in Balochistan along with demographic structure, CPEC related projects in the province, and the rival states’ nexus for triggering ethnonational separatism and intra-provincial conflicts against Pakistan. While the issue is rising by Baloch nationalists regarding preferring the eastern, western, or central route of CPEC is being discussed in the last.