Studying the system IL-1 and G-CSF in hydronephrosis as a perspective of creating new diagnostic test systems

Hydronephrosis refers to diseases of the urinary system, which are characterized by high prevalence. Moreover, this pathology of all obstructive uropathies, leading to a decrease in the function of the renal parenchyma, accounts for up to 15% of cases. Therefore, the search for various markers involved in the development and progression of kidney damage is particularly relevant, since in the literature there are very contradictory data. Our article presents the results of a survey of 40 patients with established and confirmed diagnosis of stage I hydronephrosis (according to the classification of N. A. Lopatkin), and 20 completely healthy people (control group). All patients initially and at the end of the study determined the levels of cytokines: IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-1ra and G-CSF. We found that patients with hydronephrosis had higher rates of pro-inflammatory components of the IL-1β system: IL-1β — 104.42 (75% CI [111.8–151.4]) pg/ml, which was significantly higher than in the control group 3.7 times. In patients with hydronephrosis, there is an increase in the levels of IL-1β, IL-1a, and G-CSF against the background of a decrease in IL-1ra. The study of the IL-1 and G-CSF systems in dynamics during hydronephrosis is a very promising direction, opening up enormous opportunities in creating effective diagnostic markers of hydronephrosis in the very early stages of the formation of this pathology. Thus, analysis of the literature indicates that damage to the renal tissue in obstructive uropathies is an extremely complex process, and the initiation of fibrogenesis processes with partial inhibition of resorption leads to remodelling of connective tissue and progression of nephrosclerosis.