Open AccessHIGHLY SENSITIVE DETECTION OF LEAD IONS IN WATER USING ETCHED FBG
Author(s) -
Vasudeo Kulkarni,
Anandkumar S. Lalasangi,
Sameer Patil,
S.R. Mannopantar,
Mangesh S. Jadhav,
U. S. Raikar
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of engineering applied science and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2455-2143
DOI - 10.33564/ijeast.2021.v06i03.019
Subject(s) - lead (geology) , cladding (metalworking) , hazardous waste , fiber bragg grating , materials science , hydrofluoric acid , optoelectronics , composite material , metallurgy , waste management , geology , engineering , wavelength , geomorphology
- Lead is a soft, ductile, malleable andnaturally present in earth’s crust. Lead ishighly toxic element affects living organism evenat lower concentration. Lead is used in manyindustries and its disposable is very difficult.Therefore, it may lead to various environmentalhazardous problems. World HealthOrganization (WHO) and other organisationspecify the presence of lead in drinking waternot greater than 20 ppb. In the present work, asimple, affordable and precise way to detect theconcentration of lead in water using Fibre Bragggratings (FBG) is presented. FBG are formedusing Phase mask technique and the claddingpart over the grating region is etched with 40%Hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution. The sensor sodeveloped is sensitive enough to find thepresence of lead in water in the range 5-25 ppb.