Open AccessMETHYLATION CONCEPTS OF HTLV-1 THROUGH EPIGENETIC MECHANISM- A SYNOPTIC REVIEW
Author(s) -
Surya Venkatesh,
Sriloy Mohanty,
Vijay Singh Pal,
Himani Sharma,
Sakshi Mathpal,
Nitin Yadav
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
international journal of engineering applied science and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2455-2143
DOI - 10.33564/ijeast.2020.v05i08.029
Subject(s) - epigenetics , biology , phenotype , dna methylation , mechanism (biology) , lymphoma , methylation , mitosis , gene , somatic cell , genetics , disease , gene expression , cancer research , immunology , medicine , philosophy , epistemology , pathology
Epigenetics, essentially, is the study of chemicalreactions that influence gene expression at specific timesand locations or shed light on how environmentalinteractions lead to a differential change in geneexpression. Some of the epigenetic mechanisms likemethylation might affect individual susceptibility to arange of diseases. Thus, these discoveries pave the wayfor exploring fundamental science research that hasilluminated how does a gain or loss of epigenetic “methylmarks” affects not only disease development andprogression, but also phenotypic expression. In thestudies conducted in the last twenty years, it has beendiscovered that a number of signalling pathwaysassociated with different cancers can be activated byproteins of viruses. Patients suffering from variedcancers were detected with Human Lymphoma Virus-1,a causative agent of T-cell Lymphoma and Adult T-cellLeukemia. Initiation and expansion of cancers usuallypertain to several factors and causes starting with theactuation of the first genetic alteration in the cell duringmitosis directing augmentation of several somaticmutations with specific times for each one.