Open AccessExperimental Models of Acute Lung Injury in the Newborns
Author(s) -
Daniela Mokrá,
Andrea Čalkovská
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
physiological research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.647
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1802-9973
pISSN - 0862-8408
DOI - 10.33549/physiolres.933675
Subject(s) - medicine , meconium , meconium aspiration syndrome , pneumonia , intensive care medicine , respiratory distress , lung , pulmonary surfactant , diffuse alveolar damage , pathophysiology , acute respiratory distress , respiratory system , anesthesia , fetus , pregnancy , genetics , physics , biology , thermodynamics
Acute lung injury in the preterm newborns can originate from prematurity of the lung and insufficient synthesis of pulmonary surfactant. This situation is known as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). In the term neonates, the respiratory insufficiency is related to a secondary inactivation of the pulmonary surfactant, for instance, by action of endotoxins in bacterial pneumonia or by effects of aspirated meconium. The use of experimental models of the mentioned situations provides new information on the pathophysiology of these disorders and offers unique possibility to test novel therapeutic approaches in the conditions which are very similar to the clinical syndromes. Herewith we review the advantages and limitations of the use of experimental models of RDS and meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) and their value for clinics.