Biochemical Profile, In vitro Toxicity, and Cytotoxic activity of Eragrostis amabilis (L.) Wight. Arn. and Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauve

The present study is intended to reveal the biochemical profile and assess the toxicity and cytotoxic activity of aerial and underground parts of Eragrostis amabilis (L.) Wight. Arn. and Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv. extracts using Brine shrimp lethality bioassay and Dalton’s lymphoma ascites cell (DLA). The maximum amount of protein 31.2 mg/g, amino acid 50.5 mg/g, glucose 62.8 mg/g and Indole acetic acid 29.5 mg/g were found in E. amabilis aerial parts. The maximum amount of total phenolics (218.21 mg/g) and tannins (88.5 mg/g) was observed in ethanolic extracts of E. amabilis aerial parts. The highest value of flavonoids was stated in chloroform extracts of E. amabilis underground parts (544 mg/g). The maximum amount of total phenolics and total tannin was observed in ethyl acetate extracts of E. pilosa aerial parts. The highest amount of flavonoids was found in ethyl acetate extracts of E. pilosa underground parts. The toxicity (LC50 values) of E. amabilis aerial and underground parts were ranged from 0.48 - 1.52 mg/ mL and 0.012 - 1.154 mg/ mL respectively. The LC50 value of E. pilosa aerial and underground parts extract was ranged from 1.089 - 1.904 mg/ mL and 0.038 -1.726 mg/ mL. The high cytotoxicity (ICT50) was observed in ethyl acetate extracts of E. amabilis and E. pilosa.