Newly Synthesized Benzothiazole Derived Ligand and its Co(III) and Ru(III) Complexes as Biological Potent Molecules: Chemical Preparation, Structure, Antimicrobial, in vitro and in vivo Cytotoxicity Studies

Herein we describe the synthesis of 2-((E)-(2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)phenylimino)methyl)-5-methoxyphenol imine base (BMM) and its metal complexes such as [Co(BMM)2] C1, [Co(BMM)(ph)] C2, [Ru(BMM)2] C3 and [Ru(BMM)(ph)] C4. The ligand and its complexes were characterized by spectroscopic, TGA, Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and elemental analysis. The coordination number and geometry were confirmed by various experimental data. The Co(III) and Ru(III) complexes are assigned to be having octahedral geometry. Further, the experimental results revealed that complex C2 and C4 emerged as moderate DNA binding intercalators compared to standard intercalators and prominent nuclease activity compared with C1 and C3 complexes. The extent of interaction and intercalation mode was confirmed by monitoring electronic absorption studies, fluorescence quenching probe, and viscosity measurement. Furthermore, the complexes C1-C4 were investigated for their in vitro cytotoxic studies against a panel of human cancer cell lines, viz., A549, NIH3T3, MCF-7, and EAC. Also, the cell adhesion and migration behavior were carried out after administering the complex C2 and C4 to respective cancer cell lines. In mice, the toxicities and tolerabilities of the complex C2 and C4 were also investigated through in vivo studies. The resultant complexes were screened for their microbial inhibition studies through the good diffusion method. All the complexes display moderate microbial inhibition properties compared to their uncoordinated analog.