Mesenchymal Stem Cells and/or l-2-oxothiazolidine-4–Carboxylate Improve Hyperlipidemia and Lung Cell Proliferation in Chlorpyrifos-Treated Rats

This study aimed to examine the impact of l-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylate (OTC) or/and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on CPF-induced lung toxicity in rats. Male albino rats were divided into six groups. Control: received distilled water; OTC: received OTC (100 mg/kg b.wt./day, oral for one month); CPF (toxicity group) received CPF (17.5 mg/kg b.wt/day, oral for one month; CPF+OTC, CPF group treated with OTC; CPF+MSCs, CPF group treated with MSCs (a single intravenous injection of 2×106cell in PBS and left for one month) and CPF+OTC+MSCs, CPF group co-treated with OTC and MSCs. Results showed significant improvement in body weights, relative lung weights, total protein and albumin, lipid profile, and arterial blood gases (pO2 and (pCO2) levels in rats treated with either OTC alone or with MSCs. OTC or/and MSCs exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory activities evident by increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) and decreased C-reactive protein (CRP), in lung tissues. Notably, OTC or/and MSCs administration exerted restorative effects on the pulmonary parenchyma structure and associated functional impairments. BM-MSCs and OTC combination has the ability to suppress the CPF-induced lung toxicity and could prove to be a novel approach to therapy for acute and chronic lung injury in rats.