Recent Developments in Nanomaterials Based Adsorbents for Water Purification Techniques

Currently, most advanced technologies employ nanomaterials due to the modern tailor-made properties these materials exhibit compared to their bulk counterparts. Nanomaterials have attracted researchers around the globe in the last few decades due to their unusual properties due to the presence of a greater number of carriers at the surface, which affects the chemical and physical properties of these materials. Ensuring pure drinking water for domestic purposes is the biggest challenge in current times. Industrialization is increasing with time due to human needs. The extensive use of fertilizers to enhance agricultural productivity has hazardous effects on the ecosystem. Water pollution will significantly impact living beings on the land and aquatic beings, followed by terrestrial, aerial flora, and fauna. In a world full of technologies, there are many methods to purify water (water filters, RO purifiers, etc.). Still, nanotechnology plays a vital part in purifying water on a large scale. Nanotechnology methods came up with new materials and analytical techniques that can treat the by-products that are toxic to the environment. Heterogeneous photocatalysis used with metal oxide nanostructures causes no harm to the ecosystem. Nanomembranes and Nanostructures will play an active role by acting as a trap for many Nano pollutants. This review presents nano cellulose, nanocarbon tubes, and nanomembranes used in water purification and analytical techniques by addressing the current economic water purification techniques.