Open AccessBioprocessing of Waste Sago Pulp Fiber Based on Chloride Solution for Cellulose Isolation
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
biointerface research in applied chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.216
H-Index - 11
ISSN - 2069-5837
DOI - 10.33263/briac121.441449
Subject(s) - bioprocess , cellulose , cellulose fiber , chloride , materials science , chemical engineering , pulp (tooth) , fiber , pulp and paper industry , cellulosic ethanol , chemistry , composite material , metallurgy , medicine , pathology , engineering
The utilization of chloride solution in the bioprocessing of sago pulp fiber waste (SPFW) aims to obtain high purity cellulose before its use in making bioethanol. Before the bioprocessing, SPFW with a powder size of 149 μm was immersed in 15% (v/v) NH4OH and 5% (v/v) H2O2 solution. Bioprocessing parameters reported in this study included bioprocessing time, chloride solution concentration, and bioprocessing temperature. Based on the optimization results, the SPFW bioprocessing for 5 hours using 4% hydrochloric acid and a temperature of 95oC was the optimum condition with the acquisition of cellulose content of 67%. SPFW cellulose was confirmed by the presence of specific IR absorption peaks at wave numbers 1429.4 cm-1, 1322.4 cm-1, 1157.3 cm-1, 1110 cm-1, and 897 cm-1. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis shows that bioprocessing using chloride solutions produces a porous, rough, and fibrous cellulose surface. Also, the fiber length is irregular with the irregular location. Based on XRD analysis, SPFW bioprocessing produced single-phase cellulose with a crystal size of 15 nm. Physically, the bioprocessing causes the discoloration of the sago pulp fiber to turn dark brown.