First observations on cave breeding in Salamandra algira splendens from north-eastern Morocco

Two Moroccan subspecies of Salamandra algira were recently observed in caves - S. algira splendens and S. algira spelaea. Here, I report the first observations of cave breeding in S. algira splendens, in the Chaâra and Friouato caves of the north-eastern Middle Atlas (Taza region, Morocco). Twenty-two salamander and newt species are known to be facultative orobligate cave-dwellers in the Mediterranean ecoregion. They can inhabit or breed in caves so avoiding hot and very dry summer conditions. Caves with groundwater and stable humidity act as thermal refugia, winter or summer shelters, hiding places, feeding areas or, in some cases, as regular breeding sites.