Open AccessThe Deviant Villain
Author(s) -
Isaac J. Peled
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
avar
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2752-3535
pISSN - 2752-3527
DOI - 10.33182/aijls.v1i1.1529
Subject(s) - ruler , mesopotamia , archetype , philology , rhetoric , literature , perspective (graphical) , hero , field (mathematics) , persian literature , history , sociology , ancient history , philosophy , art , poetry , feminism , linguistics , gender studies , physics , mathematics , quantum mechanics , pure mathematics , visual arts
This article combines theoretical and historical approaches for studying notions of heroism and villainy in ancient Mesopotamia, as reflected in royal propaganda and rhetoric. It focuses on the different manners in which Mesopotamian kings of the second and first millennia BCE constructed the image of their rivals as villains who deviate from the standard characteristics of the heroic ruler. The theoretical framework of the article is based on heroism studies, a recently-established field within the social sciences, which studies the role of heroes and villains in human society. The article utilizes these theoretical considerations for analyzing Mesopotamian royal inscriptions where the ruler’s rivals were portrayed as villains. Seven villain-archetypes are identified and discussed, each of which contrasting one or more of the typical heroic traits of the Mesopotamian ruler. By combining sociological, psychological and philological methodologies, this article offers a new perspective on ancient Mesopotamian society and culture.