OBALNA STRAŽA – DEJAVNIK POVEČANJA VARNOSTI V POMORSKEM PROMETU

V sodobnem svetu je morje s svojo prostranostjo eden najpomembnejših virov gospodarske blaginje pomorskih držav. Zaradi svoje širine je odprto vplivom interakcij v vseh pogledih, tudi v varnostnem. Spoprijemanje z današnjimi izzivi določa uporabo širokega spektra civilnih in vojaških zmogljivosti, izboljšano sodelovanje ter usklajevanje vseh vključenih subjektov in tudi pripravo enotnega subjekta nacionalne varnosti. Članek predstavlja iskanje novih sistemskih oblik zagotavljanja ustrezne zaščite in varnosti morja. Na sintezi študije uspešno organiziranih tujih sorodnih institucij in enakovredne sektorske preučitve nacionalnih varnostnih podsistemov je izdelan model Obalne straže Republike Slovenije, s katerim bi lahko dosegli bistveno višjo raven učinkovitosti in konsistentnosti državnih organov na področju varovanja, nadzora in zaščite teritorialnega morja ter racionalizacijo porabe proračunskih sredstev. Ob tem pa ostaja izziv implementacija omenjenega modela ter njegova umestitev v nacionalni varnostno-obrambni sistem. In the modern world, the sea is one of the most important resources of the economic welfare of countries with access to the sea. Due to its broadness, it is susceptible to the influence of all types of interactions, including security. Meeting today's security challenges requires a wide spectrum of civil and military capabilities. It calls for cooperation, regular coordination of all entities involved, as well as a unified national security structure. The article presents the search for new systematic forms to ensure adequate maritime security and safety at sea. Based on the research on successfully organized similar foreign institutions in relation to the national security institutions in the maritime domain, the Coast Guard model of the Republic of Slovenia is designed. The model could significantly improve the level of efficiency and consistency of national authorities in the area of control, security and safety of the territorial sea and rationalize expenditures. However, the implementation of the proposed model and its incorporation into the national security and defence system, remain a challenge.