VOJSKA Z VIDIKA TEMELJNIH POJMOV SOCIALNE PSIHOLOGIJE

Namen tega prispevka je predstaviti temeljne pojme socialne psihologije in z njimi na podlagi izkušenj, pridobljenih v Slovenski vojski, pogledati vojaško organizacijo. Vojska je organizacija, v kateri ima skupina večji pomen kot posameznik. Pogled na vojaško organizacijo prek temeljnih pojmov socialne psihologije se zdi logičen korak, ki lahko prinese uporabna nova spoznanja za obe področji, tako za socialno psihologijo kot za vojaški sistem. Povezava je izpeljana na podlagi izkušenj, prido- bljenih z delom v Slovenski vojski.V prvem delu so predstavljeni temeljni koncepti socialne kognicije: teorije pozor- nosti in kognitivnih shem, stereotipi, stališča in teorija pripisovanja. V drugem delu sledijo temeljni koncepti, vezani na skupino, kot so interakcija znotraj skupine s procesi posnemanja, sugestije, identifikacije in socialnega pritiska, ter koncept socialne moči.V zadnjem delu z uporabo teh pojmov orišemo vojaško organizacijo, natančneje Slovensko vojsko, in sicer njeno hierarhično ureditev, policentrično in asimetrično razporeditev moči ter prepletanje formalne in neformalne moči v njenem vsakodnev- nem delovanju.The aim of this article is to present basic concepts of social psychology and to take a closer look at a military organization based on the experiences gained within the Slovenian Armed Forces.In military organizations, the group is of greater importance than the individual. A closer look at a military organization through the prism of those basic social psycho- logy concepts seems like a logical step that can lead to useful new knowledge in, both, social psychology and the military system. The link between the two is derived on the basis of experience acquired through the employment in the Slovenian Armed Forces. The first part of the article focuses on basic concepts of social cognition, such as the theories of attention, cognitive schemas, stereotypes, attitudes and theories of attribution.In the second part of the article we focus on basic concepts related to groups, such as interaction with the processes of imitation, suggestion, identification, social pressure and the concepts of social power,In the last part we use these key concepts to illustrate a military organization, notably the Slovenian Armed Forces, its hierarchical structure, polycentric and asymmetric distribution of power and the intertwining of formal and informal power in its daily routine.