Evidence-based pancreatology 2018 (review of research results on diseases and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency)

The article presents a detailed review of the research results in the field of pancreatology published in 2018. Certain parts of the review are devoted to the pathogenesis, diagnostics, course of pancreatitis, its treatment, as well as autoimmune, hereditary pancreatitis, pancreatic pathology in children, as well as treatment. In studying the pathogenesis of pancreatitis, attention is paid to genetic markers of pancreatitis along with a role of bacterial overgrowth syndrome in the small intestine, both in terms of worsening of the course of pancreatitis and the lack of effectiveness of enzyme replacement therapy. The study of the role of alcohol abuse and smoking in the pathogenesis of pancreatic pathology is still in progress. Diagnostics is going on. Endosonography remains the most informative method. A number of studies have been devoted to the studying of exocrine and endocrine pancreatic insufficiency both upon pancreatitis, pancreatic tumors, and in functional dyspepsia and HIV infection. Autoimmune pancreatitis is increasingly being diagnosed, a number of studies are devoted to its diagnostics and treatment. Pancreatic diseases in children develop mainly on the background of genetic predisposition, while functional pancreatic insufficiency occurs in adult patients. The study of the peculiarities of the effect of enzyme replacement therapy continues. The immediate and remote results of the surgical treatment of pancreatic pathology are assessed.