A Rare Ovarian Tumor: Primitive Leiomyosarcoma of the Ovary

The primitive leiomyosarcoma of the ovary is rare and represents less than 1% of malignant tumors. It has a poorprognosis and frequently occurs during the postmenopausal period. We report two cases of this tumor in order todetermine their epidemiological, histopathological, and evolutive aspects.Material and methods: The study material was consisted of ovariectomies fixed in 10% formalin. The sampledovaries were subjected to usual techniques of inclusion in paraffin wax. These routine techniques were completed byimmunohistochemistry assay using smooth muscle anti-actin, anti-desmin, anti-vimentin, and mitotic proliferationindex (Ki-67).Results: Histological examination has shown a proliferation of fusiform cells, which were more or less fascicledin both cases. Tumor cells had a poorly-limited eosinophilic cytoplasm containing an elongated or an oval nucleuspresenting an hyperchromatic or a vesicular feature. The nuclei were nucleolated. The anisocaryose was intensewith more than 20 mitoses for 10 HPF. The positivity of anti-smooth muscle actin, anti-desmin, and anti-vimentinconfirmed the diagnostic of leiomyosarcoma.Conclusion: The ovarian leiomyosarcoma is a rare with a poor prognosis.