Open AccessIncreased Musashi-2 and Decreased NUMB Protein Levels Observed in Human Colorectal Cancer are reverted to Normal Levels by ATRA-Induced Cell Differentiation
Author(s) -
Lynn M. Opdenaker,
Ryan Kowash,
Gabriel Masters,
Bruce M. Boman,
Tao Zhang,
Shirin Modarai
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
international journal of cancer research and therapy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2476-2377
DOI - 10.33140/ijcrt/03/02/00003
Subject(s) - numb , carcinogenesis , cancer research , biology , notch signaling pathway , colorectal cancer , cellular differentiation , microbiology and biotechnology , signal transduction , cancer , genetics , gene
Musashi stem cell (SC) proteins (MSI-1 & MSI-2) are known to become over expressed during colorectal tumorigenesis in humans and mice. MSI-1 overexpression induces tumorigenesis through Notch activation via inactivation of NUMB. Previous studies also show that MSI-2 overexpression in mice induces intestinal tumorigenesis but the mechanism is independent of NUMB. However, whether the MSI-2/NUMB pathway contributes to colorectal cancer (CRC) development in humans is still undetermined.