Open AccessGlucose as a DAMP, Danger Associated Molecular Pattern: A New Proposition of Glucose Molecule in Inflammation-Associated Diabetes
Author(s) -
Nyshidha Gurijala
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
science documents
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2574-1721
pISSN - 2573-1882
DOI - 10.32954/synsdocs.2019.001.06
Subject(s) - damp , inflammation , extracellular , innate immune system , microbiology and biotechnology , intracellular , biology , neutrophil extracellular traps , immune system , hmgb1 , chemotaxis , receptor , histone , mechanism (biology) , pattern recognition receptor , immunology , dna , biochemistry , philosophy , physics , epistemology , meteorology
Inflammation is the human body’s defense mechanism toprotect from foreign invaders- yet is also the causal agent ofan array of diseases that immensely burden our society today.The innate immune response is a nonspecific mechanismthrough which inflammatory cells (e.g. neutrophils,macrophages, etc.), destroy pathogens such as bacteria, fungi,and viruses, and also respond to internal tissue injury. Thedeath of local tissues through necrosis can lead to theintroduction of molecular sequences normally found on theinside of the cell – to the extracellular environment. Thesesequences are termed damage associated molecular patterns(DAMPs), and can bind to toll like receptors (TLRs) oninflammatory cells to propagate a pro-inflammatory responsethrough the release of cytokines and chemoattractants. It isestablished that intracellular molecules such as DNA, histones,and ATP act as DAMPs upon extracellular release.1 However,the potential of glucose as a DAMP is a research target thatrequires further investigation.