Open AccessORGANIZATION OF ACCOUNTING AND TAXATION OF FARMS
Author(s) -
Olga Marcus,
Yurii Kolesnyk
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
molodij včenij
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2313-2167
pISSN - 2304-5809
DOI - 10.32839/2304-5809/2020-10-86-46
Subject(s) - accounting , normative , accounting information system , management accounting , business , production (economics) , order (exchange) , agriculture , economics , finance , microeconomics , geography , law , political science , archaeology
Farms as well as the term "farming" in most countries is used as a direction of agricultural development, as a branch of production which means agricultural production. The normative legal base of Ukraine, which regulates the organization of accounting in farms, and influences the choice of the form of accounting, is studied. The main normative legal act regulating the activity of farms is the Law of Ukraine "On Farms" which defines the basic principles of their functioning. The definition of a farm in accordance with the law of Ukraine is given. The basis of the organization of the accounting process at any enterprise or farm is the choice of the optimal form of accounting. The form of accounting is a certain system of accounting registers concerning the order of conducting accounting where the information on an economic life of the enterprise is generalized and on the basis of what it is made. It is proved that the choice of the form of accounting is influenced by a significant number of different external and internal factors, primarily the organizational and legal form of management and the chosen system of taxation. Farms can use the following forms of accounting: general, simple, simplified and automated. The choice of the form of accounting depends on the content of the forms of financial, tax and statistical reporting and the timing of its submission. The general form of accounting is recommended for large farms. A simple form of accounting is used by small businesses in which only the owner and his family members work. Simplified form of accounting recommended for small businesses the number of employees for the reporting period from 10 to 50 people. The main types of reporting with a simple and simplified accounting system are given. An alternative accounting option is proposed for small farms for which the use of expensive specialized programs is unaffordable. Possible systems of taxation of farms, as well as taxes and fees required for payment, using different groups of taxation of farming. The choice of the optimal form of taxation of the farm also has certain restrictions, according to which the farmer chooses the optimal group for his farm to pay taxes.