The Advent of Artificial Intelligence in Diabetes Diagnosis: Current Practices and Building Blocks for Future Prospects

India has the highest proportion of diabetes patients, and it is estimated thatthere will be 134 Million diabetics in India by 2045 as per IDF. Also, the diseaseburden is increasing to the young population between ages 25-40 as more of them arediagnosed positive according to JAMA recently. Moreover, there are only 4.8 Doctors per10,000 population, and in villages, the ratio is the lowest possible in this country,according to the Indian Journal of Public Health. Therefore, screening & predictingDiabetes at an early stage remains a priority for clinicians. It reduces the risk ofmajor complications and improves patients' quality of life with diabetes, and buildsresilience and well-being amongst other citizens. With the advancement of ComputerScience & Artificial Intelligence, it is now possible to predict diabetes and othersuch diseases through applying deep learning algorithms in high-quality data sets. Thishelps in a more accurate and faster diagnosis of Pre-diabetes, Diabetes &diabetes-related progressive eye diseases. In this study, a systematic review of thePubmed repository for current practices to diagnose Diabetes based on AI intervention inthe Indian context is carried out. Also, a critical analysis was done on variouspioneered companies currently offering AI-based Diabetes diagnostic services in India.The study represents different concepts of AI tools used to predict the diseasescurrently available in India. Although most of the studies were carried out on DiabeticRetinopathy screening, future opportunities can be in several other areas such asClinical Decision Support, Predictive Population Risk Stratification and PatientSelf-Management Tools.