Open AccessStudy on the structure of polymer electrolyte membrane using small angle X-ray scattering and positron annihilation spectroscopy
Author(s) -
Tap Duy Tran,
Khiem Do Duy,
Nguyen Ly La,
Tuyet Anh Luu
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
khoa học và công nghệ: tự nhiên
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2588-106X
DOI - 10.32508/stdjns.v1i6.630
Subject(s) - etfe , small angle x ray scattering , lamellar structure , materials science , scattering , positron annihilation spectroscopy , amorphous solid , polymer , crystallography , membrane , chemical engineering , polymer chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , composite material , positron , optics , positron annihilation , chemistry , nuclear physics , physics , biochemistry , layer (electronics) , electron , engineering , chromatography
The structure of poly (styrenesulfonic acid)- grafted poly(ethylene-co- tetrafluoroethylene) polymer electrolyte membrane (ETFE-PEM) was investigated by comparison with those of precursor original ETFE film and styrene-grafted films (grafted-ETFE) using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) and small angle Xray scattering (SAXS). PALS of these samples indicated that there were two lifetime components, which were assigned to the annihilation of ortho- Positronium (o-Ps). The two types of o-Ps relate to the free volume at sub nanoscale locating in the crystalline and amorphous phases. SAXS profiles of these samples indicated the presence of lamellar stacks andlamellar grains. Sizes of lamellar stacks and lamellar grains varied significantly during the graftingprocess, whereas only change a little bit at sulfonation process and at wet state. A compination of PALS and SAXS allowed us to investigate the structures of ETFEPEMs with scale ranging from several Ångströms to micrometer.