Open AccessZones of introduction of main soil treatment systems for row crops in the conditions of the Central Pre-Caucasus
Author(s) -
Yu. Kuzychenko
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
agrarnyj vestnik urala
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2307-0005
pISSN - 1997-4868
DOI - 10.32417/1997-4868-2020-194-3-28-35
Subject(s) - arable land , tillage , environmental science , precipitation , arid , moisture , agronomy , hydrology (agriculture) , agriculture , geography , geology , meteorology , paleontology , geotechnical engineering , archaeology , biology
Abstract. The purpose of the research is to establish the areas of implementation, varying in time of application, of the primary tillage systems for row crops in various climatic zones of the Stavropol Territory. Methods. The analysis of changes in climatic factors and arable land under row crops over a 10-year period with the construction of graphical trends in increasing the area of arable land for corn and sunflower is carried out. Zones for the introduction of semi-steam and chaffinch main tillage for these crops were determined on the basis of calculations of the generalized indicator D, taking into account the choice of certain criteria indicators at each point of the survey. Results. Analysis of changes in the annual precipitation over the last 10 summer periods showed that the average decrease in precipitation is observed only in the extremely arid zone (1) – 22 mm, with an increase in precipitation in the arid zone (2) by 24 mm, in the zone of unstable moisture ( 3) by 21 mm, and in the zone of sufficient moisture (4) by 27 mm, which indicates the possibility of adjusting the time and, accordingly, determining the zones for introducing a semi-steam treatment or processing according to the type of improved late fallow for row crops according to spike crops . Analysis of the time series of areas for corn for grain showed a significant increase in area trends in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th zones by 2.9; 6.5 and 5.7 thousand ha, respectively. A significant increase in the area under sunflower was established only in the 2nd zone on 4.0 thousand ha, in the 3rd and 4th zones only a tendency to increase the area is noted. The scientific novelty. It is established that at the points of examination where Dfact. > 0.93 recommended main processing for occupied steam according to the half-pair system, if Dfact. in the range of 0.93–0.80, then the main processing of the type of improved late fallow is effective, with Dfact. <0.80 –the area is not recommended for row crops.