Microbiological diagnosis of infections caused by Listeria monocytogenes

Listeria monocytogenes are Gram-positive, relatively anaerobic bacteria, widely distributed in the natural environment (soil, water, sewage, plants and vegetables, food products), causing a disease called listeriosis in humans. Listeriosis is manifested most often in the form of bacteremia, meningitis and encephalitis, perinatal infections as well as gastroenteritis. Currently, it is perceived as a contemporary threat to human life and health. This review discusses the microbiology diagnosis of infections caused by Listeria monocytogenes in humans.