Open AccessTHE ESSENCE OF CRIMINALISTIC TECHNICS
Author(s) -
V. N. Terehovich,
Elita Nīmande
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
teorìâ ta praktika sudovoï ekspertizi ì krimìnalìstiki
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2708-5171
pISSN - 1993-0917
DOI - 10.32353/khrife.2017.04
Subject(s) - function (biology) , field (mathematics) , economic shortage , natural (archaeology) , process (computing) , human being , dimension (graph theory) , epistemology , computer science , law , humanity , philosophy , mathematics , political science , history , linguistics , archaeology , evolutionary biology , government (linguistics) , pure mathematics , biology , operating system
Complicated nature of describing reality «criminalistic technics» is based on the situation that this reality is situated in two dimensions - dimension of technical reality and dimension of humanitarian reality. There isn’t any universal, not-historic understanding of technics. Starting pointfor contemporary understanding of technics is work as a process between a human being and the nature during which a human being with his activity mediates, regulates and controls exchanging of substances between him and nature. The base for technics is making use of nature laws. After ascertaining nature laws, human being applies and uses them by means of technics. Technics - it’s, first of all, tools of labor, complex of things which a human being puts between himself and the item of work. Contemporary notion about technics is complex, id est, technics is presented in the form of technical system, the main functions of which are compensatory function or reflection function, or transforming function, or transmission function, or different combinations of these functions. Technical systems let to overcome natural shortages, limitations (bodily, sensetive or intellectual) ofa human being. Technics is created by people knowingly taking into account peculiarities of the field of activity where it’s intended to use this technics. Necessity to create technics for using in concrete field ofactivity is determined by the social necessity. The logical volume of the criminalistic technics notion is defined by social necessity to get when investigating criminal offence, objective information about circumstances linked with its commitment. The content of the criminalistic technics notion is defined by the content of «technical» realization of three special methods during criminalistic cognition: criminalistic identification, criminalistic diagnostics and criminalistic classification. Criminalistic technics (as a system of knowledge) is a branch of the special part of criminalistic theory describing and explaining regularities of emergence of materially fixed traces during investigation of criminal offences. It’s for finding and examining concrete technical means, knowledge and skills are already worked out and recommended.