Regulation of tractor diesel engine operation modes by missing fuel distribution

The article discusses the improvement of the effective performance of diesel engines of tractors at idle and low loads. A possible way to improve performance in such modes is deactivation of cylinders. However, this method of regulation has a number of disadvantages, in particular, a step change in the characteristic of specific fuel consumption. The goal is to increase the fuel efficiency of tractor diesel en-gines when regulating the operation modes by switching off the cylinders. Studies were conducted on tractor diesel engines 2Ch105х120 and 4Ch105х120, equipped with distribution pumps of dispenser type. Tests of 2Ch105х120 and 4Ch105х120 diesel engines showed that as the cylinders were disconnected, the engine efficiency reduced even at low loads. Upon further testing, it turned out that in order to achieve the distribution effect of the cylinder shutdown needed when working with the pump of the distribution type, a cyclic fuel supply correction to the operating cylinder is required. A characteristic feature of distribution type pumps was that shutting off the supply to one cylinder significantly changed the cycle flow to the other remaining cylinder. In one case, it turned out to be more than the required one and with its decrease, the specific fuel consumption decreased. In another case, when the cycle feed was less, the specific fuel consumption could be possible to reduce by its increasing. It turned out that with a simple shutdown of the cylinders, there remains an unrealized zone in which you can additionally receive fuel economy. One of the ways to implement this zone can be the transition from disconnecting cylinders to disconnecting individual fuel supplies. It is possible to implement this method by equipping the diesel fuel system with an electronically-controlled high-speed valve, which, depending on the engine's operating mode, will re-alize the necessary omission of fuel supply and adjustment of the cycle feed amount for individual cylin-ders. A Denso valve was used as a solenoid valve to shut off the fuel supply. An electronic regulator has been developed to control the operation of the cross-valve. The test results showed that when switching from simple shutdown of cylinders to regulating the operation modes by skipping individual fuel feeds, the specific fuel consumption changed smoothly and the power range at which the diesel engine operates in this mode remains the same as during work with all cylinders.