Renewable Non-GHG Fuels for U.S. Transportation

The U.S. non-renewable crude oil reserve is diminishing at the rate of billion barrels per year and the climate change has been a growing concern over the past decade. Both challenges can be solved by using renewable non-greenhouse gas (GHG) alternative fuels that will secure cleaner fuel for the transportation industry and provide benefits to the environment. Renewable fuels for the U.S. transportation are biofuels (ethanol and biodiesel) and their secondary sources (hydrogen and electricity) derived from biomass energy source. The objective of this article is to demonstrate the pathway for replacing the U.S. transportation non-renewable fuels (oil and petroleum, hydrocarbon gas liquids, natural gas) with renewable fuels. The goal of this article is to systematically phase-out all greenhouse gas causing U.S. transportation fuels with clean and most efficient hydrogen-based renewable fuels by 2050, the year predicted for the U.S. crude oil depletion.