The parallelism of the characters in the literature class in the 10th grade: Andrei Bolkonsky and Nikolai Rostov

The purpose of the article is to present the methodology of work in the school with such a compositional principle as parallelism of characters. The introductory part focuses on how the term “parallelism” is interpreted in Russian Philology. In the article the understanding of the term is presented in linguo-stylistic and architectonic contexts. Further, by the example of L.N. Tolstoy’s novel “War and peace” the author reveals the working procedure of paralleling such characters as Andrei Bolkonsky and Nikolai Rostov, the characters that practically do not interfere with each other in the narrative-event sphere of the novel. at the same time, special attention is paid to the comparative analysis in the following areas: perception of boundless natural space; perception of music; ideal and its failure; sense of justice, honesty; sense of guilt; perception of people in war; attitude to death. The logic of the training session dictates the comparison of episodes in a given perspective. Greater part of them were considered earlier at the stage of the textual analysis of the literary text. It should be noted that in the lesson there are in the synthesis two types of analysis – determining and functional, which inevitably “work” on the logic of interpretation. On the basis of the results of the comparative activity, the students reveal the artistic meaning of the parallelism of the images of Andrei Bolkonsky and Nikolai Rostov in the novel. At the lesson presented in the article, the principles and techniques of the classical methodology are kept current, which largely ensures the effectiveness of cognitive activity of schoolchildren.