MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE AND MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETRES OF LONG TUBULAR BONES OF SENILE RATS WITH INDUCED HYPERGLYCEMIA

Recent studies have shown that patients with diabetes mellitus are found very often to have pathological changes in the musculoskeletal system. Discussing the development of pathological changes in the bone tissue due to hyperglycemia, it should be noted that many aspects of this problem are still unexplained, and in particular the frequency of bone damage varying in a fairly wide range, the mechanism of reducing bone mineral density that leads to the occurrence of frequent fractures. This article discusses the effects of hyperglycemia on the state of long tubular bones. The goal of our experiment was to study the structural changes in the long tubular bones of senile rats of both sexes with induced hyperglycemia. The period the rats were included into the experiment ranged from 30 to 180 days. During the experiment, various research methods were applied. To perform the histological analysis, we took rat femurs and fixed them in 10% phosphate buffered formalin for 24 hours. Then samples were decalcified in 10% formic acid solution, the materials obtained were embedded in paraffin. The study revealed a gradual thinning of the cortical layer in senile rats that is of great importance due to the fact that there is clinically confirmed increased risk of femoral neck fracture in individuals with type II diabetes. The level of blood glucose throughout the experiment was rather high that indicates the development of chronic hyperglycemia. Having analyzed the data on the effect of hyperglycemia on bone growth parameters and comparing these indicators with the control, we can suggest a delay in longitudinal growth of bones. The results and timing of the experiment show that the degree of changes obtained depends on the duration of the experiment.