Open AccessPATHOMORPHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF PNEUMOPATHIES AND THEIR COMPLICATIONS IN PRETERM NEWBORNS WITH RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME
Author(s) -
M. I. Sidorenko,
S.M. Sovgirya,
Вікторія Ігорівна Бабенко,
S. A. Proskurnya,
Наталия Ивановна Винник
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
aktualʹnì problemi sučasnoï medicini: vìsnik ukraïnsʹkoï medičnoï stomatologìčnoï akademì
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2077-1126
pISSN - 2077-1096
DOI - 10.31718/2077-1096.19.2.134
Subject(s) - respiratory distress , medicine , atelectasis , gestational age , pediatrics , mortality rate , hyaline , intensive care , lung , mechanical ventilation , pregnancy , intensive care medicine , anesthesia , pathology , surgery , biology , genetics
The article presents current data on mortality rate of premature newborns due to respiratory distress syndrome in the Poltava region based on the analysis of post-mortem protocols and archival sectional materials of the Poltava regional pathology bureau for 2014-2018. Recently, the perinatal mortality rate of preterm infants has decreased significantly owing to the latest methods of resuscitation and intensive care, organization of regional perinatal care network in Ukraine, modern substitution therapy with surfactants, and effective newborn care programs. But at the same time, the share of extremely premature newborns to the total number of newborns has significantly grown. The purpose of this research was to determine the occurrence rate of the RDS syndrome among the total number of preterm infants in Poltava region for 2014-2018, to investigate the structure and pathomorphological changes in the lungs of dead premature newborns with different forms of pneumopathy, to identify the most common complications of this pathology depending on the gestational age, sex and body weight at birth. It has been found out that among children who died in the first year of life, premature infants constitute 66.3%, of whom 20.5% are infants with respiratory distress syndrome. There have been identified some features of pathological changes that involve the simultaneous formation of atelectasis and "hyaline membranes" in the alveoli (53.2% of cases), isolated massive atelectasіs in the lung tissue was detected in 46.8% of cases. 75% of pneumopathies were complicate by hemorrhagic syndrome, which manifests in the form of massive bilateral intraventricular hemorrhages and haemorrhages into internal organs. A significant percentage of premature babies (38.2%) survived only for 2 to 5 days since the birth; slightly fewer percentages of premature neonates (35.2%) survived from 20 minutes to 1 day. The study shows that health of premature newborns is a challenge for the public health care system; the significant share of all perinatal deaths is caused by respiratory distress syndrome, one of the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality.