Open AccessAssessing Psychometrics of Goal Orientation Scale in Pakistani Context
Author(s) -
Iqbal Ahmad,
Mansi Shah,
Muhammad Saeed
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
global regional review
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2663-7030
pISSN - 2616-955X
DOI - 10.31703/grr.2020(v-i).46
Subject(s) - confirmatory factor analysis , exploratory factor analysis , goal orientation , scale (ratio) , context (archaeology) , psychology , orientation (vector space) , reliability (semiconductor) , psychometrics , test validity , validity , social psychology , applied psychology , structural equation modeling , statistics , developmental psychology , mathematics , geography , power (physics) , physics , geometry , cartography , archaeology , quantum mechanics
Goal orientation has been tested all over the world. However, the present study was conducted to validate the Goal Orientation Scale in Pakistan. A total of 141 students from two Pakistani public sector universities participated. A cross validation procedure based on factor analysis was adopted to analyze the collected data. The study was conducted in two stages. During the first stage, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed to assess the four-factor structure. In the second stage, the hypothesized four-factor model was assessed by using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results supported the four-factor model consisting of task orientation, self-enhancing orientation, self-defeating orientation and avoidance orientation. Reliability and validity estimates confirmed the adequacy of GOS as a reliable and valid scale for measuring goal orientation of students in the higher education context of Pakistan. Further research is recommended to test the scale in other fields for getting more robust results.