Modern experience in conducting cerebral oximetry in neonatology: review

Annotation. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), non-invasive monitoring of tissue oxygenation in many organs, has potentially high diagnostic and prognostic value in critically ill patients. Aim – to analyze modern scientific data on cerebral oximetry by near infrared spectroscopy in neonatal practice. A selective review of literature science data on Internet databases: Pub Med, UpToDate, Medscape EU and Pediatrics was carried out in retrospect. It has been established that understanding neonatal brain oxygenation may be of great clinical importance, since most neonatal pathology is associated with the brain. Vital monitoring provides important information about the infant's health, but does not offer direct information about oxygenation and brain perfusion. Monitoring brain oxygenation with NIRS, at least during the vulnerable transition period during the first 3 days after birth, provides the clinician with additional important information. It can guide clinical management to prevent brain injury and prevent unnecessary treatment, and can provide important information about the infant’s prognosis. Thus, NIRS is a promising non-invasive technology that provides continuous monitoring of neonatal oxygenation parameters. Significant limitations of the method are the difficulties in the clinical interpretation of regional oxygenation indices, the lack of large-scale studies to determine the normative values of regional oxygenation in newborns and to identify reliable prognostic indicators in violation of regional blood circulation. It is reasonable to expect the results of further research.