Open AccessThe Assessment of the Quality of Water Treatment Plants Effluent of Basrah City for Irrigation
Author(s) -
Ahmed Naseh Ahmed Hamdan
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
mağallaẗ wāsiṭ li-l-ʿulūm al-handasiyyaẗ
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2663-1970
pISSN - 2305-6932
DOI - 10.31185/ejuow.vol4.iss2.47
Subject(s) - sodium adsorption ratio , sodium , effluent , salinity , sodium carbonate , irrigation , alkalinity , water quality , total dissolved solids , chemistry , sodium bicarbonate , carbonate , environmental science , bicarbonate , environmental chemistry , hydrology (agriculture) , environmental engineering , agronomy , geology , drip irrigation , ecology , oceanography , geotechnical engineering , organic chemistry , biology
The study included the assessment of the quality of the effluent of water treatment plants for irrigation uses. Eleven water treatment plants were selected in Basrah city center and surrounding areas which are Al-bradaiah1, Al-bradaiah2, Al-Ribat, R-Zero, Garmma1, Garmma2, Al Maqil, Al Jubila, Shatt Al_Arab, Al Hartha, and Al Basrah unified. One sample monthly were taken from these stations' effluent during January to December 2013, and the water samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), alkalinity, calcium (Ca++), magnesium (Mg++), chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO4), total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium (Na+), potassium (K), bicarbonate(HCO3), and carbonate (CO3-2). Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) were calculated by using standard equations, but EC and SAR were plotted on Richard diagram it is illustrated that water samples of R- Zero and Al- Maqil located in the class of C3-S1 representing high salinity with low sodium, which can be used for irrigation to all soil types with a minimum risk of exchangeable sodium, water samples of Al- Bradaiah1, Al- Bradaiah2, Garmma1 , Garmma2, Al Jubaila and Shatt Al-Arab located in the class of C4-S2, of very high salinity and medium sodium which is considered poor. Al- Basrah unified, Al Hartha and Al Ribat located in the class of C3-S2, of high salinity and medium sodium, which is considered as Marginal. The results of the study revealed that R- Zero, Al Maqil has a good water quality for irrigation and the rest need a more interesting in treatment, or reduce the rate of mixing with Shatt Al–Arab River.