Open AccessPrevention of the fetoplacental complex disorders in women at risk and the risk of preterm birth (Literature review)
Author(s) -
О.В. Лаба
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
reproductive health of woman
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2708-8731
pISSN - 2708-8723
DOI - 10.30841/2708-8731.2.2021.232522
Subject(s) - placental abruption , miscarriage , obstetrics , medicine , placental insufficiency , pregnancy , placentation , fetal distress , placenta , gynecology , fetus , biology , genetics
The obstetrician-gynaecologist practitioners consider a woman’s health from her reproductive potential support standpoint, and the problem of miscarriage is considered as one of the most important health problems in the world. The difficulty in solving the premature birth problem is the presence of many factors and preconditions that determine the risks of miscarriage. The article provides an overview of current international guidelines for assessing the root causes and preconditions for preterm birth. The problem of preterm birth risks is discussed, taking into account both the socio-economic living conditions of pregnant women and the factors that accompany the formation of the pathogenesis of preterm birth (placental dysfunction). There were examination and evaluation of the clinical significance of the factors that can lead to dysfunction of the fetoplacental complex (partial placental abruption, low placentation, placental dysfunction, premature placental maturation, placental malnutrition/hypertrophy, polyhydramnios/dehydration, placental abruption syndrome and growth retardation syndrome, fetal-placental blood flow, acute/chronic fetal distress). It was noted that hemodynamic disorders in the placenta depend on both the nature and duration of adverse factors. Those factors are pregnancy in unfavourable terms for the birth of children (up to 18 and after 40 years), high frequency of extragenital pathology, complicated reproductive history, genital infectious diseases (chlamydial infections, trichomoniasis, urogenital mycoplasmosis), smoking during pregnancy, the impact of environmental and economical character.Attention is paid to the hemodynamic disorders assessment (vascularization of the lower uterus) in pregnant women and determination of their role in the fetoplacental dysfunction development. The role of the hemodynamic disorders in the placenta is considered as the morphological and biochemical adaptive reactions abnormality.