Effects of aqueous leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis on haematological parameters and liver enzymes in male Wistar rats

Background: The leaves of Telfairia occidentalis (locally known as Ugu) are widely consumed as part of a staple in the southern region of Nigeria. Its nutritional benefits include its rich mineral contents and antioxidant properties. It has been suggested that the leaf extracts may affect blood parameters.Objectives: To investigate the effects of aqueous extracts of T. occidentalis leaves on haematological indices and liver enzymes in rats.Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats weighing between 150g and 200g were used for the study. They were categorized into four groups of six rats each viz: high-dose, medium-dose, low-dose, and control groups. The leaf extract was administered in doses of 300mg/kg, 200mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg, respectively, while the control group received distilled water rather than leaf extracts. Results: There was a dose-dependent decrease in the concentrations of liver enzymes and an increase in blood parameters. There was a significant difference (p = 0.000) in the mean red blood cells countof the control group (7.5±0.2×1012/L) compared to the low-dose group (9.1±0.1×1012/L), the medium-dose group (11.7±0.2×1012/L) and the high-dose group (13.3±0.2×1012/L).For the liver enzymes, there was a significant decrease in the mean AST levels in the high-dose group (42.8±3.5 IU/L), the medium-dose group (53.7±5.7IU/L) and the low-dose group (68.5±3.5IU/L) were compared to the value for the control group (88.6 ±2.5× 1012/L).Conclusions: Using an animal model, Telfairia occidentalis may have hepatoprotective and haemopoietic properties.