Open AccessEFEK ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN CENGKEH (Syzygium aromaticum) TERHADAP Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus
Author(s) -
Ardia Ramadhani,
Susy Saadah,
Sogandi Sogandi
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
jurnal bioteknologi dan biosains indonesia/jurnal bioteknologi dan biosains indonesia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2548-611X
pISSN - 2442-2606
DOI - 10.29122/jbbi.v7i2.4146
Subject(s) - syzygium , traditional medicine , staphylococcus aureus , ethyl acetate , antibacterial activity , escherichia coli , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , chemistry , bacteria , medicine , biochemistry , genetics , gene
Antibacterial Effect of Clove Leaf Extract (Syzygium aromaticum) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureusEscherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are microorganisms that cause infection. Overcoming infection using antibiotics is known to generate bacteria that are resistant to some antibiotics, hence the need of other antibacterial resources. One of the natural sources that can be utilized is clove leaf (Syzygium aromaticum). This study aims to determine the types of compounds contained in clove leaves and their inhibitory activity against E. coli and S. aureus. The study began with extraction using maceration techniques, then the separation of the compounds through ethanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate fractionation. Next step was the identification of secondary metabolites of clove leaf compounds using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active in inhibiting the growth of E. coli and S. aureus with a minimum inhibitory value (MIC) of 10%. The most dominant compound in the ethyl acetate fraction was found to be caffeine with a content of 23.36%. Keywords: antibacterial, clove leaves, GC-MS, MIC, Syzygium aromaticumABSTRAKEscherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus adalah mikroorganisme penyebab infeksi. Penanggulangan infeksi menggunakan antibiotik telah memunculkan bakteri yang resisten terhadap beberapa antibiotik sehingga perlu mencari sumber antibakteri lain. Salah satu bahan alam yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah daun cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jenis senyawa yang terkandung dalam daun cengkeh dan aktivitas penghambatannya terhadap bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus. Penelitian diawali dengan ekstraksi menggunakan teknik maserasi, kemudian dilakukan pemisahan senyawa berdasarkan tingkat kepolaran melalui fraksinasi etanol, n-heksan, dan etil asetat. Hasil fraksinasi diujikan ke bakteri uji. Identifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder daun cengkeh menggunakan Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat paling aktif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus dengan nilai kadar hambat minimum (KHM) 10%. Senyawa paling dominan pada fraksi etil asetat adalah kafein dengan kadar 23,36%.