Open AccessPest categorisation of Citrus tristeza virus (non‐European isolates)
Author(s) -
Jeger Michael,
Bragard Claude,
Caffier David,
DehnenSchmutz Katharina,
Gilioli Gianni,
Gregoire JeanClaude,
Jaques Miret Josep Anton,
MacLeod Alan,
Navajas Navarro Maria,
Niere Björn,
Parnell Stephen,
Potting Roel,
Rafoss Trond,
Rossi Vittorio,
Urek Gregor,
Van Bruggen Ariena,
Van der Werf Wopke,
West Jonathan,
Chatzivassiliou Elisavet,
Winter Stephan,
Catara Antonino,
DuranVila Nuria,
Hollo Gabor,
Candresse Thierry
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
efsa journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.076
H-Index - 97
ISSN - 1831-4732
DOI - 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.5031
Subject(s) - citrus tristeza virus , quarantine , european union , biology , aphid , pest analysis , phytosanitary certification , aphis , plant virus , horticulture , virology , virus , ecology , international trade , business
The Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of non‐European isolates of Citrus tristeza virus ( CTV ) for the EU territory. CTV is a well characterised virus for which efficient detection assays are available. It is transmitted by vegetative multiplication of infected hosts and by aphid vectors. The most efficient one, Toxoptera citricida, has limited EU presence but another one, Aphis gossypii, is broadly distributed. CTV is reported from a range of countries outside the EU and EU isolates are present in seven of the eight citrus‐growing member states. Non‐ EU isolates are not known to occur in the EU and therefore do not meet one of the criteria for being a Union regulated non‐quarantine pest. The natural host range of CTV is restricted to Citrus , Fortunella and Poncirus species. CTV non‐ EU isolates are listed in Annex IIAI of Directive 2000/29/ EC and the main pathway for entry, plants for planting, is closed by the existing legislation. CTV isolates may therefore only enter through minor alternative pathways. They have the potential to subsequently spread through plants for planting and through the action of aphid vectors. CTV non‐ EU isolates are able to cause severe symptoms on a range of citrus crops that EU isolates do not induce. Overall, non‐ EU CTV isolates meet all the criteria evaluated by EFSA to qualify as Union quarantine pests. The main knowledge gaps and uncertainties concern (1) the status of Rutaceae species other than Citrus , Fortunella and Poncirus as natural hosts for CTV ; (2) the potential undetected presence of non‐ EU CTV isolates in the EU and in particular the prevalence and biological properties of CTV isolates that may be present in ornamental citrus; and (3) the inability of EU CTV isolates apparently related to non‐European stem pitting ( SP ) isolates to cause SP in sweet orange.