Open AccessShare influence of water-physical properties of soil and weather conditions on the yield of chickpea in the Saratov Trans-Volga region
Author(s) -
Anatoly Petrovich Solodovnikov,
Dmitriy Aleksandrovich Upolovnikov,
Albina Yurievna Lyovkina,
Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Gudova
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
agrarnyj naučnyj žurnal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2587-9944
pISSN - 2313-8432
DOI - 10.28983/asj.y2021i1pp43-47
Subject(s) - tillage , plough , sowing , agronomy , water content , loam , environmental science , bulk density , soil water , moisture , precipitation , minimum tillage , soil science , geography , geology , biology , geotechnical engineering , meteorology
Five-year observations of the water-physical properties of the soil showed a significant increase (by 14.5%) in the density of the arable layer after the minimum tillage, where this indicator was 1.26 g / cm3. On the control and on the variant with combined tillage, the soil density was minimal - 1.10 g / cm3. The water permeability of the dark chestnut medium loamy soil varied from 78.7 mm / h (at minimum tillage) to 132.5 mm / h (at the dump). Before sowing chickpeas, higher soil moisture in the meter layer was after non-moldboard tillage - 16.7% of the mass of absolutely dry soil, which is 0.4 and 0.9% higher relative to the control variant and minimum tillage, respectively. The maximum yield of chickpea grain (0.94 t / ha) was after the combined processing of the Boykov PBS-8M plow to a depth of 23–25 cm. Minimization of the main tillage reduced the yield by 18.7% compared with the control. Calculation of the share influence of the studied factors on the yield of chickpea grain showed that the determining factors are the moisture content of a meter layer of soil in the branching phase, the amount of precipitation during the growing season, soil moisture before sowing, and the density of the arable layer.