Growth and development of soybean varieties of the northern ecotype depending on the influence of limiting factors of the growing season

Based on long-term data, the article considers the peculiarities of growth and development of soybean varieties of the Northern ecotype depending on the conditions of the growing season and the influence of limiting factors. The need of soy plants for heat and moisture increases from seed germination to germination, then to the phases of flowering and bean formation, while their uniform distribution is important. In the absence of abnormal periods of drought or waterlogging, soybean varieties of the Northern ecotype Mature in August – early September. The purpose of the research was to determine the degree of influence of variability of agrometeorological conditions of the vegetation period in different years on the production process of soybean varieties of the Northern ecotype and to assess the possibility of their cultivation in the Ryazan and other regions of the Central district of the Non-Chernozem zone. The experiments were carried out in 2009–2019 years with varieties of soya of Northern ecotype Mahewa, Bright and the Whale. The limiting factor in some years of research in the conditions of the Ryazan region was the lack of moisture, while the biological minimum temperatures were maintained at all stages of growth and development. As a result of the analysis of the average annual temperature and precipitation data, the most favorable conditions for the cultivation of all the studied soybean varieties for seeds are formed in the Bryansk, Oryol and Ryazan regions. For Vladimir, Ivanovo, Kaluga, Moscow, Smolensk and Tula regions, the varieties Kasatka and Mageva are recommended, for Kostroma, Tver, and Yaroslavl – Kasatka. In all areas of the Central region of the Non-Chernozem zone, these varieties can be used to obtain green mass, silage and haylage.