Open AccessLa fertilidad del suelo afecta el crecimiento, nutrición y rendimiento de algodón cultivado en dos sistemas de riego y diferentes dosis de nitrógeno.
Author(s) -
Jesús Santillano Cázares,
Luis Díaz,
Fidel Núñez-Ramírez,
Rodolfo Faz Contreras,
Fabián Robles Contreras,
Rubén Macías Duarte,
Isabel Escobosa García,
Víctor Cárdenas Salazar
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
terra latinoamericana
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.152
H-Index - 6
eISSN - 2395-8030
pISSN - 0187-5779
DOI - 10.28940/terra.v37i1.304
Subject(s) - drip irrigation , irrigation , human fertilization , water use efficiency , agronomy , soil fertility , mathematics , soil water , horticulture , biology , ecology
Intrinsic soil fertility and the method of irrigation can affect the efficiency of nitrogen (N) fertilization, modify the yield goal, growth, and nutritional status of crops. A study was carried out with the objective of determining yield, growth, water use efficiency (WUE), agronomic efficiency of N (AEN), NO3- concentration in petiole cell extract (PCE) and chlorophyll index (SPAD) in a cotton crop by effect of N rates and two irrigation methods. The study consisted of two experiments established in soils of high fertility [˃13 g kg-1 organic matter (OM) and N-NO3- ˃ 30 mg kg], with varying N fertilization rates: a) flood irrigation (FRR, 11 and 220 kg N ha‑1), and b) drip irrigation (FRG, 11 to 440 kg N ha-1). Plant height and number of nodes were not affected by the applied treatments. SPAD values and NO3- concentrations in PCE were cubically related to crop yield. The highest yield and WUE was obtained in the experiment with drip irrigation. In the FRR experiment no response (P > 0.05) to N fertilization treatments was found. In the FRG experiment, application of 440 kg N ha‑1 reduced yield by 43% compared to the rest of the evaluated rates. AEN was statistically higher (P < 0.001) in treatments fertilized with 11 kg N ha‑1. The low yield response due to application of N in cotton was attributed to high concentrations of N-NO3- and OM that are present in the soils in which the experiments were conducted.