Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Uncommon Manifestations

The systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by theformation of autoantibodies that attack various organ systems. Patients with SLE who presentwith pleural effusion are so rare that they are often not diagnosed early. Whereas with earlydiagnosis and proper management, the rate of recurrence and complications can decrease, thequality of life for people with SLE will also be better. This research is descriptive qualitativeresearch with a case study approach. This case report discusses a young woman who presentedwith respiratory failure resulting from a massive pleural effusion. The patient is known to have ahistory of chronic hematological disorders in the form of thrombocytopenia. During treatment,the patient developed psychiatric disorders in the form of delirium and hallucinations. The patientwas then diagnosed as SLE based on the 2018 EULAR / ACR criteria with the degree of disease activity classified as severe. The patient responded well to steroid induction therapy,azathioprine, and hydroxychloroquine. It was concluded that the diagnosis of SLE should beconsidered in cases of pleural effusion with a history of chronic thrombocytopenia and psychiatricdisorders. Early and appropriate management of severe SLE will provide a good prognosis. Keywords: systemic lupus erythematosus; respiratory failure; pleural effusion; neuropsychiatricSLE