RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOMATOTYPE AND LONGITUDINAL BODY SIZES IN THE PRACTICALLY HEALTHY CHILDREN OF 6-8 YEARS OLD AND THEIR YEARLING WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT

. Somatotype is a form of manifestation the natural biologicaldiversity, which is discrete and determines natural composition different variants of theconstitution typology. Somatotype reflects main features in the dynamics ofontogenesis, metabolism, reactivity of the organism. These properties form individualfeatures of the structure and, consequently, functions of the organism, determine itsresponse to ever-changing environmental factors.Aim is to study relationship between somatotype in the children of 6-8 years andlongitudinal dimensions of their bodies.Material and methods: analysis and generalization of scientific andmethodological literature, anthropometric measurements included determining lengthand weight of the body, chest, shoulder, waist and thighs, measuring thickness of theskin and fat folds of the biceps, triceps, forearms, shoulder blades, abdomen, legs andthighs. Determination of somatotype was carried out by W.H. Sheldon: digestive,muscular, thoracic, asthenoid. Attention was focused on the development and ratio ofsuch features as shape of the back, chest, abdomen, legs, state of development the bone,muscle and adipose tissue, statistical analysis.Results. There are measured and analyzed differences between the longitudinalbody sizes in a practically healthy children and children of 6-8 years with hearingimpairment depending on their somatotypes. Correlation analysis of a longitudinalbody size allowed to determine common for all groups of children tendency to a directdependence length of the body and torso on the somatotype in the examined children.At the same time, it is shown inverse relationship between somatotype of children withlength of the upper and lower extremities, forearms, hands and legs.Conclusions. Cluster analysis confirmed that formation four subgroups ofsomatotypes in the children of 6-8 years determined by a longitudinal size of their body.Unlike practically healthy, at the children with disturbance of hearing with asthenoidand thoracic somatotypes, there are no differences between length of the body andlength of the forearm, and in the children with thoracic and digestive somatotypes – between lengths of the hand. There is a different relationship between type ofsomatotype in the children of 6-8 years with a longitudinal size of their body, whichdid not depend on the gender and presence of hearing impairment. It is confirmed, thatchildren with higher body and body characteristics belong to the muscular or digestive,and with higher extremities – to the asthenoid and thoracic somatotypes